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Use of the Human Patient Simulator
in the Medical School Curriculum

MS-1
Human structure and Function
Ted Begenisich, PhD, Pharmacology/Physiology Bob Dirksen, PhD, Pharmacology/Physiology
Lecture/demonstration "Potassium channels and cardiac arrhythmias" (the simulator is brought to the lecture hall)
MS-2
Disease Process and Treatment
Frank Richeson, MD, Cardiology
Team exercise "Cardiogenic shock: evaluation and treatment." Students groups (5-6 people) treat a patient in heart-failure with the help of a cardiology fellow, who then leads debriefing. Emphasis on cardiovascular pathophysiology and pharmaco-dynamics.
Comprehensive Assessment
Linda Spillane, MD, Emergency Medicine Matthew Spencer, MD, Emergency Medicine
Teams of 3-4 students evaluation and treat an ICU patient in shock (type of shock is randomly chosen for each group) with help of a nurse. An emergency medicine physician leads debriefing. Equal emphasis on clinical management and teamwork.
Case Seminar
Denham Ward, MD, PhD, Anesthesiology
Laboratory exercise (12-13 students per group) on pharmacodynamics of the autonomic nervous system. Students observe direct, indirect, and feedback effects of different drugs on ANS.
MS-3
Medicine-Surgery clerkship
David Kaufman, MD, Surgery Joe Dooley, MD, Anesthesiology Linda Spillane, MD, Emergency Medicine
Student team (5-6 people) follows a patient in sepsis from the ED to the OR to the ICU. They evaluate and treat the patient with the help of an attending physician from each service.
Emergency Medicine clerkship
Linda Spillane, MD, Emergency Medicine
Student teams (2 or 3 people) learn the basics of treating an unstable patient; then manage an asthma patient in the emergency room.
Anesthesiology rotation
Suzanne Karan, MD, Anesthesiology
Students learn airway management techniques in a workshop at the beginning of the rotation. At the end of the rotation, they provide anesthesia for a simulated patient and manage intra-operative complications. During their rotations, most students participate in the Anesthesia Crisis Resource Management Course along with anesthesiology residents.
MS-4
Senior Elective
David Kaufman, MD David Stern, MD
Shock: Diagnosis and Treatment, Demonstrations and hands-on exercises related to hypotensive shock and the use of Swan-Ganz catheter.

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